Dragutin Gorjanovic KRAMBERGER
(1856-1936)
CROATIA
1999
FDC - Krapina 23.08.1999
1956
Zagreb 25.10.1956
1969
Krapina 23.0.1969
1985
Zagreb 04.02.1985
1999
Krapina 23.08.1999
Krapina 23.08.1999
2006
Krapina 2510.2006
Dragutin GORJANOVIC KRAMBERGER
Zagreb 25.10.2006
Croatian geologist, paleontologist and archeologist
The Zagreb region has been inhabited since the Paleolithic Age.
Krapina is famous for an archaeological discovery in 1899, where a population of Neanderthals was discovered by geologist, archaeologist and paleontologist Dragutin Gorjanović-Kramberger.
The archaeological discovery on a hill called Hušnjak unearth over eight hundred fossil remains depicting over almost 75 Neanderthals individuals, along with tools and weapons, making the site one of the most significant in Europe.
Studies of these Neanderthals fossil shows that they died between the age of sixteen and twenty four.
Edouard LARTET (1801-1871)
FRANCE
1971
Seissan,1971-07-31
French Paleontologist
The then recent work of Georges Cuvier on fossil mammalia encouraged Lartet in excavations which led in 1834 to his first discovery of fossil remains in the neighborhood of Auch. Thenceforward he devoted his whole time to a systematic examination of the French caves, his first publication on the subject being The Antiquity of Man in Western Europe (1860), followed in 1861 by New Researches on the Coexistence of Man and of the Great Fossil Mammifers characteristic of the Last Geological Period.
In this paper he made public the results of his discoveries in the cave of Aurignac, where evidence existed of the contemporaneous existence of man and extinct mammals.
In his work in the Périgord district Lartet had the aid of Henry Christy.
The first account of their joint researches appeared in a paper descriptive of the Dordogne caves and contents, published in "Revue archéologique" (1864).
The important discoveries in the Madeleine cave and elsewhere were published by Lartet and Christy under the title Reliquiae Aquitanicae, the first part appearing in 1865.
Christy died before the completion of the work, but Lartet continued it until his breakdown in health in 1870. His son Louis Lartet followed in his father's footsteps.
The most modest and one of the most illustrious of the founders of modern palaeontology, Lartet's work had previously been publicly recognized by his nomination as an officer of the "Légion d'honneur;" and in 1848 he had had the offer of a political post. In 1857 he had been elected a foreign member of the Geological Society of London, and a few weeks before his death he had been made professor of paleontology at the museum of the "Jardin des Plantes".
Louis Seymour Bazett LEAKEY (1903–1972)
PALAU
2000
Mi nº. 1642
(15.03.2000)
Kenish archeology & anthropologist
SWISS
1988
To everyone else, it seemed markedly unhuman, and most similar to robust australopithecines.
Willard Frank Libby (1908–1980)
S. VICENT
SWEDEN
GUYANA
American physical chemist
Famous for his role in the 1949 development of radiocarbon dating, a process which revolutionized archaeology.
In 1960, Libby was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for leading the team (namely, post-doc James Arnold and graduate student Ernie Anderson, with a $5,000 grant) that developed Carbon-14 dating.
He also discovered that tritium could be used for dating water, and therefore wine.
Ferdinand Frédéric Henri Moissan (1852-1907) FRANCE 1986 Yvert nº. 2397 Yvert nº. 2397 A 2006 REP. GUINEE-BISSAU 2009 
French chemist
Who received the 1906 Nobel Prize for Chemistry for the isolation of the highly reactive gaseous element fluorine, and the development of the Moissan electric furnace.
In 1884, he began studying fluorine compounds, and separated fluorine two years later when he electrolyzed a solution of potassium fluoride in hydrofluoric acid.
Having isolated fluorine, he was then able to determine its physical and chemical properties. From 1892, with an electric arc furnace he designed, Moissan began experimenting with reactions possible at much higher temperatures than before and discovered many new compounds and was able to vaporize substances previously impossible.
He developed the furnace for industrial production of acetylene.
Oscar MONTELIUS (1843–1921)
SWEDEN
1943
FDC
Mi 302 A i D, and 303 A
FDC - Stockholm (9.09.1943)
Swedish archaeologist
Oscar Montelius (9 September 1843–4 - November 1921) was a Swedish archaeologist who refined the concept of seriation, a relative chronological dating method.
Monteliu's method created a timeline specific to the location, based on material remains.
Later, when combined with written historical references, objects could be provided absolute dates.
Richard Owen (1804-1892) UNITED KINGDOM 1991 SG. nº. 1387/1391 Mi. nº. 1350/1354 Yvert nº. 1556/1560
SG. nº. 1006 - Iguanodon
SG. nº. 1007 - Stegosaurus
SG. nº. 1008 - Tyrannosaurus
SG. nº. 1009 - Protoceratops
S.G. nº. 1010 - Triceratops
FDC - (20.AUG.1991) MONTSERRAT 1991 SG. nº. 790/793 + SS 794 Mi. nº. 833/836 + Bl. 63 Yvert nº. 780/783 + Bf. 60
150th Anniversary of the Death of Sir. Richard Owen:
SG. nº. 790 - Tyrannosaurus
SG. nº. 791 - Diplodocus
SG. nº. 792 - Apatosaurus
SG. nº. 793 - Dimetrodon
S.G. nº. SS 794 - Sir Owen and Dinosaurs' bone
AFGHANISTAN 2009 English biologist Richard Owen was the son of a West India merchant. He studied briefly at Edinburgh (1824), then at a private London anatomy school. Through hard work and serious networking, Owen pushed his way to the heights of Victorian science. In 1827 he was appointed Assistant Curator of the Royal College of Surgeons' Hunterian Collections and then Hunterian professor (1836), and conservator (1842). He was elected to a fellowship of the Royal Society in 1834 for his work on monotremes and marsupials. Following his mentor Joseph Henry Green, Owen promoted an idealist biology based on German Naturphilosophie. By the mid-1840s Owen was the leader of British comparative anatomy and an important exponent of a natural theology or attribution of design in nature. In 1842, he named the taxon Dinosauria. The support Owen lent to orthodox men of science and supporters of the status quo and sometimes a fawning elitism made him a favorite of elite conservative patrons. The royal family presented him with a cottage in Richmond Park and Robert Peel put him on the Civil List.
English naturalist, evolutionist and social critic
Alfred Russel Wallace, (1823–1913) was a British naturalist, explorer, geographer, anthropologist and biologist. He is best known for independently proposing a theory of natural selection which prompted Charles Darwin to publish his own theory.
Wallace did extensive fieldwork, first in the Amazon River basin and then in the Malay Archipelago, where he identified the Wallace Line that divides Indonesia into two distinct parts, one in which animals closely related to those of Australia are common, and one in which the species are largely of Asian origin. He was considered the 19th century's leading expert on the geographical distribution of animal species and is sometimes called the "father of biogeography".
Wallace was one of the leading evolutionary thinkers of the 19th century and made a number of other contributions to the development of evolutionary theory besides being co-discoverer of natural selection.
These included the concept of warning coloration in animals, and the Wallace effect, a hypothesis on how natural selection could contribute to specialization by encouraging the development of barriers against hybridization.
Wallace was strongly attracted to unconventional ideas. His advocacy of Spiritualism and his belief in a non-material origin for the higher mental faculties of humans strained his relationship with the scientific establishment, especially with other early proponents of evolution.
In addition to his scientific work, he was a social activist who was critical of what he considered to be an unjust social and economic system in 19th-century Britain.
His interest in biogeography resulted in his being one of the first prominent scientists to raise concerns over the environmental impact of human activity.
Wallace was a prolific author who wrote on both scientific and social issues; his account of his adventures and observations during his explorations in Indonesia and Malaysia, The Malay Archipelago, was one of the most popular and influential journals of scientific exploration published during the 19th century.
Rudolf Carl Virchow (1821-1902)
GERMANY
Soviet Zone
- Mi nº. 218 i 221
(11.10.1948)
GERMANY
DDR
Democratic's Republic,
Mi nº. 332 z (09.1952)
GERMANY
Berlin
Mi nº. 96(24.01.1953)
GERMANY
Democratic's Republic,
Mi nº. 795
GERMANY
Democratic's Republic,
Mi nº. 1707
(13.10.1971)
Hungary
Mi 4063 A/B/C(29.12.1989)
He campaigned for drastic social reform and had also contributed to the development of Anthropology as a modern science and in 1869 was a founder of the German Anthropological Society, and the Berlin Society for Anthropology, Ethnology and Prehistory, presiding over this body until he perished in 1902.
He was also coined the “organizer of German Anthropology”.
His studies in anthropology began with the skulls of mentally disabled people often called cretins and what developmental basis for that condition was present in the skull.
Rudolf Ludwig Karl Virchows' career is notable for many achievements.
He pioneered the theory of cellular pathology and helped develop the modern science of anthropology.
Perhaps his greatest legacy, however, is his role as the champion of social medicine.
In 1848, the Prussian government sent Virchow to an area called Upper Silesia to investigate a typhus epidemic.
Virchow spent three weeks there and was appalled by what he found: deplorable living conditions and rampant starvation and disease.
Virchow believed that preventing future epidemics was “very easy and simple.” According to him, “education, with its daughters, liberty and prosperity,” would be the necessary tools for epidemic cessation.
He also believed that physicians were uniquely positioned to confront the greatest problems of their time and had a responsibility to solve them. He saw physicians as the greatest advocates for the poor.
Virchow would remain a passionate advocate for social medicine and public health reform for the rest of his life.
ALEXANDER VON HUMBOLDT
(1769-1859)
GERMANY
1959
FDC - ( 06.MAY.1959)
Michel nº. 309
Yvert nº. 180
SAAR
1959
GERMANY (BERLIN)
1959
Mi. nº. 171
Yvert nº. 150 A.
1969
FDC - ( 12.SEP.1969 )
Mi. nº. 346
Yvert nº. 323
GERMANY (DDR)
1950
FDC - ( 10.JULY.1950 )
Michel nº. 262
Yvert nº.16
FDC - ( 06.MAY.1959 )
Michel nº. 684/685
Yvert nº. 399/400
FDC - ( 17.JULY.1969 )
Michel nº. 1386/1390
Yvert nº. 1138
Simon Bolivar & Humboldt
FDC - ( 19.JULY.1983 )
Michel nº. 2816
Yvert nº. 2459
CHAD
2009
SHEETS
Perforate and non perforated
CHILE
1999
Yvert nº.
Humboldt Penguins - Spheniscus humboldti
Mi. nº.
Yvert nº.
COLOMBIA
1960
Yvert nº. 576/578 + A. 348/350
Yvert nº. 577 not perforate
1969
Yvert nº. A. 494
CUBA
1969
Yvert nº. 1316/1318
2000
2007
Humboldt National Park in Baracoa
ECUADOR
1958 
FDC - ( 29.DEC.1958 )
Yvert nº. A.343
LIECHTENSTEIN
1994
Yvert nº. 1020/1021
MEXICO
1960
1999
PERU
2002
FDC - ( 20.NOV.2002 )
ROMANIA
1983
Michel nº. Bl. 193 (nº. 3957)
Yvert nº.
Maxi Card
STATIONARY
URSS
FDC - ( 06.MAY.1959 )
Michel nº. 2224
Yvert nº. 2172
URUGUAY
1980
POSTMARK - (19.FEB.1981)
VENEZUELA
1960
Yvert nº. 597/599 + A. 683/685
1969
Yvert nº. A.970
1973
Planetarium Humboldt
Yvert nº. 861/865
German Explorer and Scientist
One of the founders of the modern Zoogeografy.
Between his workmanship's he has philosophical interest:
“Pictures of the Nature” (1807);
“The Cosmos” (1845-1858) .
Between 1799 and 1804, Humboldt traveled to Latin America, exploring and describing it from a scientific point of view for the first time.
His description of the journey was written up and published in an enormous set of volumes over 21 years.
He was one of the first to propose that the lands bordering the Atlantic were once joined (South America and Africa in particular).
Later, his five-volume work Kosmos (1845) attempted to unify the various branches of scientific knowledge.
